Insights and Updates

Articles and guidance on paediatric cardiology, written by Dr. Alessandro Giardini

Normal Heart Rate in Children by Age - Dr Alessandro Giardini

Heart rate reference guide for children from newborn to 18 years, with interactive table. From paediatric cardiologist Dr Alessandro Giardini.

Blood Pressure Chart for Children - Dr Alessandro Giardini

Normal blood pressure ranges for boys and girls aged 1–17, based on NHLBI/AAP guidelines. Reference table reviewed by paediatric cardiologist Dr Alessandro Giardini.

Lipoprotein(a) in Children Explained - Lp(a) and Heart Risk

What is lipoprotein(a)? Learn why this inherited blood marker matters in some children and what an elevated Lp(a) result means for your family.

Are Statins Safe for Children?

Parents often worry when statins are suggested for a child. Learn what the evidence shows about safety, growth, and long-term outcomes.

Should Children Be Tested After a Parent's Heart Attack?

If a parent or close relative had an early heart attack, should children have cholesterol testing? When screening matters and what to expect.

Normal Cholesterol Levels in Children Explained

Confused by your child's cholesterol results? Learn what LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels mean in babies, children and teenagers.

Rare form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy operated at Great Ormond Street Hospital

Boy from Kuwait with rare heart condition gets a second change of life at Great Ormond Street Hospital

Non cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease

Learn what are the risks of non cardiac surgery in children with heart disease

Screening for inherited or congenital heart disease in children and adolescents

Cardiac screening for inherited cardiac conditions in children saves lives, particularly in children doing compe itive sport

Which patches are used in paediatric cardiac surgery and why?

Learn with patches are used in paediatric cardiac surgery and why

Surgical management of chest wall deformities

Learn the surgical options for the treatment of chest wall deformities in children

Treating PoTS in Children and Teenagers - London Specialist

How PoTS is treated in children and teens, from salt and stockings to medication. A plain-language guide for parents

Lyme Disease and the Heart in Children

Can Lyme disease affect a child's heart? Expert guide to Lyme carditis, heart block, myocarditis, and dysautonomia in children

Fainting and Syncope in Children and Teenagers: A Complete Guide for Parents and Young People

Fainting and syncope in children and teenagers — what causes it, when to worry, and treatments.

Normal Heart Rate in Children by Age - Dr Alessandro Giardini

Heart rate reference guide for children from newborn to 18 years, with interactive table. From paediatric cardiologist Dr Alessandro Giardini.

Should Children Be Tested After a Parent's Heart Attack?

If a parent or close relative had an early heart attack, should children have cholesterol testing? When screening matters and what to expect.

Screening for inherited or congenital heart disease in children and adolescents

Cardiac screening for inherited cardiac conditions in children saves lives, particularly in children doing compe itive sport

Lyme Disease and the Heart in Children

Can Lyme disease affect a child's heart? Expert guide to Lyme carditis, heart block, myocarditis, and dysautonomia in children

Fainting and Syncope in Children and Teenagers: A Complete Guide for Parents and Young People

Fainting and syncope in children and teenagers — what causes it, when to worry, and treatments.

Lipoprotein(a) in Children Explained - Lp(a) and Heart Risk

What is lipoprotein(a)? Learn why this inherited blood marker matters in some children and what an elevated Lp(a) result means for your family.

Normal Cholesterol Levels in Children Explained

Confused by your child's cholesterol results? Learn what LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels mean in babies, children and teenagers.

Blood Pressure Chart for Children - Dr Alessandro Giardini

Normal blood pressure ranges for boys and girls aged 1–17, based on NHLBI/AAP guidelines. Reference table reviewed by paediatric cardiologist Dr Alessandro Giardini.

Non cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease

Learn what are the risks of non cardiac surgery in children with heart disease

Blood Pressure Chart for Children - Dr Alessandro Giardini

Normal blood pressure ranges for boys and girls aged 1–17, based on NHLBI/AAP guidelines. Reference table reviewed by paediatric cardiologist Dr Alessandro Giardini.

Non cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease

Learn what are the risks of non cardiac surgery in children with heart disease