2025

Rheumatic Heart Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

What is Rheumatic Heart Disease? Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a long-term heart condition caused by damage to the heart valves following rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever itself is an inflammatory reaction that can occur after an untreated throat infection caused by group A streptococcus bacteria. Over time, repeated episodes of rheumatic fever can lead to…

Ebstein anomaly

What is Ebstein anomaly? Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital heart defect affecting the tricuspid valve, which separates the right atrium (right collecting chamber) from the right ventricle (right pumping chamber). It occurs in approximately 1 in 20,000 live births. Anatomical Features: In Ebstein’s anomaly, the tricuspid valve leaflets are displaced downward into the right…